The conversion of cow manure to fuel has been growing as a climate solution, but it is facing criticism due to potential risks to local communities in California's farming regions. The strong odor and health problems attributed to the process have prompted concerns about its environmental and social impacts. This underscores the need for sustainable energy solutions to consider and address potential negative externalities, especially at the local level. In North Dakota, the prospect of using corn-derived ethanol for aviation fuel presents an innovative opportunity for the U.S. airline industry and agricultural groups. This vision aims to boost ethanol sales and reduce the carbon footprint of air travel, aligning with the global push for sustainable aviation fuels.